A technique in algebra to make a homomorphism injective is to “mod out” the kernel.
While, to make a homomorphism surjective, one can restrict the codomain to the image.
This can be illustrated in the first isomorphism theorem (for groups) 
Idea for making a map bijective
Mathtuition88 
Yes. In fact we use it to make Z/(x^2+1) is isomorphism to C.
ie f: x => x^2+1
key f = {x | x^2+1=0} = {x = sqrt (-1) = i}
LikeLiked by 1 person
Oops! I meant R/(x^2+1) , not Z/(x^2+1). That was how human man-made Complex number from Real number in Renaissance 16th century Italy while trying to solve cubic equations.
There are other “man-made” examples in Math: Quarternion (1, i, j, k)
…
LikeLike